Stomach (Gastric) Cancer The incidence of gastric cancer varies between countries. Stomach cancer is common all over the world but especially in East Asia, South America, and Eastern Europe. The incidence is 2 times higher in men compared to women. It is often diagnosed between the ages of 60-80 years. It is more common in …
Colorectal Cancers Colorectal cancers are seen at variable incidences in different populations and more commonly in industrialized societies compared to developing countries. The incidence of colon cancer is the same in men and women, and it is the third most common cancer among all cancers. WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS? Geography: The distribution of the …
Benign Lesions of the Breast Benign lesions of the breast are the third most common disorder of the breast after cancer and fibrocystic disease. Spreading is not typical for these lesions. Their likelihood of recurrences is low after surgery. Fibroadenoma, intraductal papilloma, and phyllodes tumors are the most common benign lesions of the breast. FIBROADENOMA …
Fibrocystic Disease Fibrocystic breast is a common benign disease, manifesting with a mass in the breast, pain or nipple discharge. While it was previously considered a disease, it is currently named as fibrocystic breast changes. Although it can be seen in all age groups, it is most commonly seen between the ages of 30-50 years. …
Nipple Discharge What Is Nipple Discharge? Nipple discharge describes the fluid coming through the nipple in different colors and consistency excluding the periods of pregnancy and breastfeeding. It is a common complaint in women. It occurs in about 5% -10% of women and accounts for 10 – 15% of benign diseases of the breast. It …
Breast Pain What Causes Breast Pain? The real cause of pain in the breast is generally unidentified. The hormonal status of the individual is associated with pain. Fibrocystic disease is the most common cause of breast pain. Cysts growing at certain sizes in the breast may cause pain. Breast pain is an important clinical finding …
Breast Cancer Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It is the most common cause of cancer-related death in women after lung cancer. Despite the variability in different populations, approximately one in every 8 women in western societies develop breast cancer during their lifetime. The incidence of breast cancer is constantly on the …
Parathyroid Diseases What are the Parathyroid Glands and What Are Their Functions? Parathyroid glands are located in the neck close to the thyroid gland. They secrete a hormone called parathyroid hormone, regulating the calcium metabolism in the body. There are usually 4 pieces of parathyroid glands, each weighing 30-40 grams. The parathyroid glands maintain the …
Thyroid and Surgery In Which Thyroid Gland Diseases May Surgery Be Necessary? The main reasons for deciding thyroid surgery are listed as follows: 1. The presence of hyperthyroidism; toxic nodular goiter, toxic adenoma, and Graves’ disease, 2. The patient has a thyroid nodule suggesting cancer, 3. In patients with goiter; the gland is large enough …
Thyroid Nodules What is a thyroid nodule? Thyroid nodules are found in the in the thyroid as abnormal masses of different sizes that do not resemble the thyroid tissue. Thyroid nodules are common in the population. With the widespread use of ultrasonography, their incidence has reached rates of up to 30-50%. The incidence of thyroid …
